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Thesis Eleven, Vol. 76, No. 1, 70-84 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/0725513604040110
© 2004 Thesis Eleven Pty, Ltd., SAGE Publications

The Islamic Revolution in Iran: Retrospect after a Quarter of a Century

Farhad Khosrokhavar

25 Rue Copernic, 75116 Paris, France.farhad.cavard{at}ehess.fr

During the last quarter of a century, Iran has undergone fundamental changes. The revolution was supported by a heterogeneous coalition of social forces, but it led to a war with Iraq and the stabilization of an Islamic regime. Since the end of the 1980s, four different types of new social actors have emerged in Iran: post-Islamist intellectuals; feminists; students as a nonrevolutionary, reformist and democratically minded group; and ethnic movements. These actors mostly (with the exception of some intellectuals) belong to a generation which did not take part in the revolution; their aspirations and demands are totally different from those most characteristic of the revolutionary phase. The election of President Khatami in 1997 was a result of these changes. Since then, a stalemate has prevailed: the society is post-Islamist, whereas the decisive power centres are controlled by Islamist conservatives.

Key Words: ethnic movement • Islam • post-Islamist intellectual • student movement • women’s movement


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